Species and distribution area
Plane trees, scientifically platanus, are mainly native and widespread in the northern hemisphere. They grow in North America as well as in Europe and Asia. The plane tree family has a single genus. Experts around the world speak of eight to ten different ones Species.
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The best-known types of plane trees in this country are:
- American plane tree, also known as the western plane tree
- Oriental plane, also called oriental plane
- Maple-leaf-like plane tree, also known as the common plane tree
Location and soil
Plane trees like sunny locations, Penumbra is also accepted. The floor, on the other hand, does not have to meet any special requirements. The maple-leaved plane tree shows itself to be unimpressed by the polluted city air and also thrives well as a border planting of busy streets.
Size, growth and age
Sycamore trees grow up to 80 cm per year, depending on the species. Most of them reach a height of over 30 m. The circumference of the crown is hardly smaller. In the case of the oriental plane tree, the crown can even reach a diameter of 50 m. Average life expectancy is estimated at 200 to 250 years. However, there are still much older specimens, such as a 1000 year old plane tree in Greece.
Root system
The plane tree is a so-called. Heart root. She owns one Root systemthat reaches deep into the earth and also has numerous, shallow roots. The spread of the roots even exceeds the diameter of the crown.
Leaves and flowers
Except for one species that is native to South Asia, plane trees are deciduous trees. In April or May they sprout new leaves. Depending on the species, these are 3 to 7-lobed and about the size of a hand. Their shape is reminiscent of maple leaves. Color and size are species-specific.
The leaves appear at the same time as the leaves blossoms. The plant is single-sexed, so each tree bears both male and female specimens.
Both types of flowers appear in spherical inflorescences about 2-3 cm in diameter. The inflorescences hang on long stalks. Male flowers are green, female flowers are dark red. Pollination takes place by wind.
Note:
Leaves and fruits have fine hairs that can trigger allergies when inhaled.
Fruits and seeds
Only from female flowers develop until October fruit. These are among the nut fruits. Each round fruit contains numerous nuts with seeds. The unripe fruit is green, later turns brown and disintegrates over the course of winter. The fruits are not poisonous for humans, but due to their hardness they are not edible.
bark
Unlike other tree species, which have the dead bark Develops into a thick bark over time, flakes off the plane tree. This makes the trunk look piebald.
Multiplication
The plane tree can be propagated by seeds. In nurseries it is Multiplication common with cuttings.
Diseases and pests
The plane tree is susceptible to plane tree wilt, brown rot and massaria disease. Real ones too mildew is observed. All Diseases are caused by fungal infections. Frequent Pests are leaf miners, vine bugs, sycamore net bugs and Gall mites.
