Flower types from A-Z: the lexicon with 50 types of flowers

Flowers are the most important design elements for gardens and balconies. Almost all year round, they bring joy with their colorful flowers. In the lexicon of 50 types of flowers, you can find out which flowers bloom in which season and which flowers are suitable for a natural-looking flower meadow or for a pond bank. In addition, you will find information about types of flowers that thrive in the shade and an overview of the flowers that need plenty of sun to bloom brightly.

Flowers for shady and partially shaded places

Cyclamen(Cyclamen)

Origin: mountainous forest regions of the eastern Mediterranean area
Location: bright but not sunny, in summer outdoors in partial shade, optimal room temperature in winter at 15 ° C.
Propagation: possible from seeds at any time of the year
Growth: strong herbaceous leaves in dark green often with light green shades. Flowers in white, red, pink, salmon-colored or purple.
Flowering period: September to April

Anemone, wood anemone(Anemone nemorosa)

Origin: Europe, from deciduous forests

Location: partially shaded to shady
Propagation: by seeds, by dividing the rhizomes
Habit: herbaceous, upright, covering the ground, leaves pinnate dark green, flowers six-leaved, star-shaped, white
Flowering period: March to April

Busy Lizzie(Impatiens walleriana)

hard-working Lizzie - Impatiens walleriana

Origin: Sri Lanka, tropical East Africa, India, New Guinea
Location: light to partial shade, cool in darker locations (12 to 15 ° C)
Propagation: Very easy with head cuttings, in spring also with seeds
Habit: ampule-shaped, creeping, elliptical leaves, numerous flowers in colors such as white, pale pink, salmon pink, orange, purple, scarlet red or white and red striped
Flowering time: summer and autumn, depending on the variety, all year round

Cuckoo flower, creeper(Ajuga reptans)

creeping Günsel - Ajuga reptans - cuckoo flower

Origin: Europe, Middle East
Location: partially shaded, shady, shady and alternating sun
Propagation: runners and seeds
Habit: shrubby, covering the ground, about 10 cm high, green or purple-colored foliage, spike-shaped, violet-blue flower candles
Flowering period: May to June

lily of the valley(Convallaria majalis)

Origin: European and Asian forests
Location: partial shade and shade
Propagation: by dividing the rhizomes, flowering germs, runners
Habit: about 10 cm high, two to three leaves per plant, broad-bellied, white flowers
Flowering period: May

crying heart(Lamprocapnos spectabilis)

Bleeding Heart - Lamprocapnos spectabilis

Origin: North America, Northeast Asia
Location: partially shaded
Propagation: division, cuttings, seeds (cold germs)
Habit: jams with delicate herbs and hanging flowers, pink hearts with white tips
Flowering period: from May to August

violet(Viola)

Origin: North America, Peru, Japan Australia, Tasmania
Location: partially shaded
Propagation: seeds
Habit: upright, leaves kidney-shaped to heart-shaped, flowers purple-blue, nodding
Flowering period: April to June

Flowers that love sunny places

Edelweiss(Leontopodium)

Origin: mountains of Europe and Asia
Location: steppe-like alpine meadows in a sunny south-facing position
Propagation: by seeds in March and by division
Habit: clumpy compact, herbaceous perennials, relatively flat on the ground, up to 20 cm high, lanceolate leaves, hairy, star-shaped tubular flowers in silver-white
Flowering period: June to September

Freesia (Freesia)

Origin: South Africa
Location: sunny
Propagation: by division in spring and autumn
Growth: upright, approx. 10 cm high, sickle-shaped leaves, double flowers in white, pink, yellow, light green and purple
Flowering period: until September

geranium(Pelargonium)

Origin: South Africa
Location: sunny, protected from rain, on nutrient-rich soil
Propagation: seeds, cuttings or division
Habit: hanging or standing, herbaceous leaves, golden flowers in red, pink, salmon and white
Flowering period: from May to late autumn

Gerberas(Gerbera jamesonii)

Origin: Asia, southern Africa
Location: sunny, loose, sandy soil
Propagation: seeds
Habit: tongue-shaped dark green sawn leaves, long-stemmed, ray-shaped daisy-like flowers in white, yellow, salmon, pink and dark red
Flowering period: April to September

gladiolus(Gladiolus)

Origin: Southern Europe, Africa
Location: sunny in loose, moist, nutrient-rich soil, sheltered from the wind
Propagation: onions (tubers)
Habit: up to 2 meters high, upright, lanceolate leaves, spike-shaped inflorescences in powerful colors such as salmon and red, but also in white
Flowering period: June / July to September

Poppy(Papaver)

Origin: Orient, Asia Minor, Caucasus
Location: sunny to full sun
Propagation: seeds
Habit: upright, 60 to 90 cm high, plum-shaped, pink to purple flowers
Flowering period: June to August

tulip(Tulipa gesneriana)

Origin: Persia
Location: sunny
Propagation: onions
Habit: solitary on stems, broadly cup-shaped petals in yellow, white, pink, purple, flamed or black
Flowering period: early April to late May

Flowers for spring

Clematis, clematis(Clematis vitalba)

Origin: China, North America
Location: sunny to slightly partially shaded
Propagation: offshoots (cuttings)
Habit: subshrub, woody, herbaceous climber, alternate, ovate to lanceolate leaves, long, paniculate inflorescences in light pink to chimney pink
Flowering period: May to June

hyacinth(Hyacinthus)

Origin: rocky slopes in the Mediterranean and the Orient
Location: sunny and warm
Propagation: onions
Habit: upright, up to 30 cm high, grape-shaped inflorescences with six-fold flowers in colors such as pink, salmon, white, blue, purple and red
Flowering period: April to May / June

crocus(Crocus)

Origin: Southern Europe, Central Europe, North Africa, Middle East, West China
Location: sunny to partially shaded
Propagation: stem tuber
Habit: about 5 cm high, grass-like, parallel-nerved leaves, cup-shaped flowers in purple, yellow and white
Flowering period: February to March

daffodil(Narcissus)

Origin: Southwest Europe, Northwest Africa
Location: sunny to semi-sunny
Propagation: onions
Habit: up to 80 cm high, elongated, smooth-edged leaves, white to light yellow, trumpet-like flowers, often with orange edges
Flowering period: March, April

Daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus)

Origin: Central Europe, North Africa
Location: sunny
Propagation: onions
Habit: upright, up to 40 cm high, lanceolate, smooth-edged leaves, bright yellow, funnel-shaped flowers with a tube of six intergrown petals
Flowering period: March to April

Cowslip (Primula veris)

Origin: Europe, Asia
Location: sunny to partially shaded
Propagation: by seeds and by division in spring and autumn
Habit: upright, clump-forming, about 20 cm high, oval, medium-green leaves with serrated leaf margin, five-fold, golden yellow flowers
Flowering period: March / April to May / June

snowdrop (Galanthus)

Origin: from damp forests in Western, Central and Southern Europe
Location: full sun, lots of light, humus-rich, loose soil
Propagation: Distribution of seeds by ants, division of clumps, planting of daughter bulbs
Habit: narrow, leathery leaves, white, drooping, bell-shaped flowers with three long outer petals and three short inner petals with green tips
Flowering period: January to March

Flowers that bloom in summer

Gloxinia (Sinningia)

Origin: Brazil
Location: warm, moist, bright but not sunny
Propagation: from seeds, requires artificial light from November to February
Habit: dark green oval leaves, large funnel-shaped, nodding flowers in white, violet, red, pink and lavender
Flowering period: March to August

lily (Lilium)

Origin: Asia, Northern Europe
Location: sunny to partially shaded
Propagation: onions
Habit: between 30 centimeters and 3 meters high, smooth stems with sessile, smooth-edged, elongated leaves, trumpet-shaped flowers arranged in grapes in colors such as white, yellow, pink or salmon. Often they are speckled with dark spots.
Flowering period: from May to September

clove (Dianthus)

Origin: Europe, Asia
Location: well drained, nutrient-rich soil
Propagation: by seeds and by division in spring and autumn
Habit: straight, cushion-forming, up to 50 cm high, narrow, lanceolate, bluish-green leaves, double flowers in pink, white, green and red with jagged edges
Flowering period: June to August

delphinium (Delphinium)

Origin: Eurasia, America, Africa
Location: sunny, shady in the foot area, sheltered from the wind on loamy, sandy, humus soil
Propagation: uncontrolled by self-sowing, to do this leave two flower stalks
Growth: tight, upright, clump-forming, approx. 150 meters high, finger-shaped, pointed-lobed leaves, purple-blue flowers in clusters with a long spur
Flowering period: June to August / September

rose (Pink)

Origin: China, Persia
Location: very bright to sunny
Propagation: cuttings, seeds, grafting
Habit: shrubby, upright, tall or creeping, heart-shaped, triple leaves, thorns, double rosette flowers in colors such as velvet red, yellow, orange, salmon, black, purple, pink and white
Flowering period: summer and autumn

Pansy (Viola tricolor)

Origin: Europe
Location: sunny
Propagation: seeds
Habit: spurred leaves, small flowers 4 to 6 cm with five petals in powerful colors such as dark blue, purple or yellow
Flowering period: April to October

Vetch (Vicia)

Origin: northern temperate areas, South American Andes
Location: sunny to partially shaded
Propagation: seeds from pods
Habit: climbing, pair of pinnate leaves, five-fold butterfly flowers in colors such as red, white, light purple and dark purple
Flowering period: June to September

Autumn flowers

aster (Asteraceae)

Origin: Eurosia, Africa, America
Location: sunny, partially shaded
Propagation: division and new planting
Habit: mostly yellow tubular flowers, cup-shaped inflorescences on the stems, petals arranged in rays
Flowering time: autumn

chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum)

Origin: China and Japan
Location: bright and cool
Propagation: in spring by cuttings
Habit: long-stemmed, dark green pinnate leaves, large, full tubular flowers in lemon yellow, golden yellow, red brown, pink, wine red and light purple
Flowering period: originally July to December, due to cultivation all year round

dahlia (Dahlia)

Origin: Mexico
Location: sunny and warm on nutrient-rich soil
Propagation: by cuttings and division of the tubers
Habit: Aster family, about 50 cm high, tubular flowers in white, yellow, red, orange, salmon, pink, purple, lavender or multicolored
Flowering period: from May / June to October / November

fuchsia (Fuchsia)

Origin: mountain forests of Central and South America, some species come from Tahiti and New Zealand
Location: shade, partial shade and sun
Propagation: cuttings from shoot tips
Habit: hanging, shrubby oval leaves, delicate bell-shaped blossoms in pink-white or blue-violet
Flowering time: with mild temperatures from June to December

petunia (Petunia)

Origin: tropical South America
Location: sun and partial shade
Propagation: by seeds
Habit: hanging, bulb-shaped, dark green, entire, slightly hairy leaves, trumpet-shaped flowers in white, pink, violet, red or blue as well as starred or striped patterns
Flowering period: from May to October

Marigold (Calendula officinalis)

Origin: Mediterranean
Location: sunny to shady, sandy and loamy soil
Propagation: by seeds
Habit: lanceolate sessile leaves, wheel-shaped flower heads in yellow and orange
Flowering period: June to October

Flowers that bloom as indoor plants in winter

azalea (Rhododendron)

Origin: Central China, Japan mountain regions
Location: bright location without direct sunlight, as cool as possible from 8 to 16 ° C
Propagation: by cuttings from the head in early spring
Habit: shrubby plant, tall stems, elliptical, green glossy leaves, rosette-shaped small flowers in white, red, pink and purple
Flowering period: October to April

begonia (Begonia)

Origin: tropical rainforests of South America, Asia, Africa
Location: bright but not in full sun, ambient temperature should not fall below 18 ° C
Propagation: by cuttings from the head in April and May
Habit: thick, heart-shaped leaves, ball-shaped, double and unfilled flowers in yellow, pink, red and white
Flowering period: January to December

orchid (Orchidaceae)

Origin: Tropical Asia, Philippines, Australia, South America, Indonesia
Location: bright to partially shaded
Propagation: by dividing when repotting
Habit: long-stemmed, long, narrow leaves, lip-shaped and butterfly-shaped flowers in pink, green, rust, yellow or purple, often two-tone striped, speckled or mackerel
Flowering time: depending on the species in spring, summer, autumn and winter

Slipper flower (Calceolaria)

Origin: South America
Location: very bright, but not full sun, as cool as possible (15 to 20 ° C)
Propagation: by seeds in summer germination temperature 18 ° C
Habit: subshrub with oval to plate-shaped leaves, flowers with a lower lip inflated to a wide shoe in yellow, red and orange monochrome, two-tone or mackerel
Flowering period: January to May

primrose (Primula)

Origin: western and southern Europe as well as China
Location: bright but not sunny, cool 10 to 15 ° C during flowering
Propagation: by seeds
Habit: leaves round to oval, unfilled five-petalled flower groups in dark red, purple, yellow, orange or white, often yellow in the middle
Flowering period: winter and spring

African violets (Saintpaulia ionantha)

Origin: Tanzania
Location: light to partially shaded, no sun, in summer 20 ° C and above, in winter not below 18 ° C
Propagation: by leaf cuttings at temperatures above 20 ° C
Habit: heart-shaped leaves, flowers in shades of blue, purple, pink and red
Flowering time: from January to December, depending on the age of the plant, forms new flowers several times in a row, interrupted by several weeks of rest

Flowers for a natural flower meadow or a pond bank

daisy (Bellis perennis)

Origin: Mediterranean area, widespread in Central and Northern Europe
Location: sunny
Propagation: seeds, root division
Habit: upright, about 5 cm high, rosette-shaped leaf growth, small white ray-shaped basket flowers, yellow in the center
Flowering period: March to November

Bellflower (Campanula)

Origin: Mediterranean
Location: light to sunny, protect from blazing midday sun in summer
Propagation: Put cuttings in a peat-sand mixture
Habit: dark green, heart-shaped leaves, blue-violet or white bell-shaped flowers
Flowering period: March to October

Cornflower (Centaurea cyanus)

Origin: Southern Europe
Location: warm, full sun, dry, lime-poor soils
Propagation: seeds
Habit: stiff, downy, hairy stems, elongated, lanceolate leaves, cup-shaped inflorescences with bright blue tubular flowers
Flowering period: from May to October

Snapdragon (Antirrhinum)

Origin: dry Mediterranean zones
Location: sunny and partially shaded on sandy and loamy soil
Propagation: by seeds
Habit: herbaceous, between 20 and 100 cm high, elliptical leaves, spike-shaped flower panicles in yellow, orange, red, pink, white and multicolored
Flowering period: June to September

lupine (Lupinus)

Origin: North America
Location: sunny, partially shaded
Propagation: seeds
Habit: Butterflies, upright, up to 1.50 meters high, fan-shaped, fingered leaves, up to 50 cm long, racemose inflorescence with 50 to 80 flowers in colors such as pink, purple, salmon, light blue or White
Flowering period: late May to early August

Daisy (Leucanthemum)

Origin: Europe
Location: sheltered from the wind and sunny
Propagation: cuttings and seeds
Habit: upright, stemmed or shrubby, up to 60 cm high, alternate leaf growth on the stem, large white, ray-shaped daisy-like flowers with a diameter of up to 6 cm, yellow in the center
Flowering period: May to July

Marsh marigold (Caltha palustris)

Origin: Central Europe, Northern Europe, Northern Asia, Arctic North America, Iceland
Location: sunny, moist, near ponds, swampy meadows and watercourses
Propagation: seeds
Habit: herbaceous plant with long-stemmed, basal, dark green leaves and golden yellow flowers
Flowering period: March to June, weaker second flowering possible from July to October

forget Me Not (Myosotis)