A little history of Kohl
Even in the beginning of human history, wild forms of the cabbage family were on the human menu. The forefather of the cabbage vegetable - cliff cabbage - can only be found on Heligoland in Germany.
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The slightly curled, green leaves of this wild cabbage resemble the foliage of kohlrabi. With its filigree yellow flowers, cliff cabbage can hardly be identified as cabbage at first glance.
Like all other types of cabbage, cliff cabbage belongs to the cruciferous family. This original form of cabbage can still be found today in Mediterranean countries and on the European Atlantic coast.
Different types of cabbage and varieties - an overview
Depending on the type of cabbage, different parts of the plant are used in the kitchen:
Cabbage leaves
- Kale or kale is a typical winter vegetable. Popular varieties: "Half-height green curls" or "Lark tongues".
- Palm kale - the leaves are also used here. Varieties: e.g. B. "Tuscan Palm Cabbage Black Magic"
- Perennial cabbage also counts as leaf cabbage, e.g. B. Siberian cabbage "Red Russian"
Leaves and thickened stem axis
Also the Kohlrabi is a type of cabbage. Both kohlrabi leaves and the thickened stem are used in the kitchen.
Both white (e.g. B. "Kossack" and "Lanro") as well as blue-skinned kohlrabi varieties ("Azur Star", "Superschmelz" or "Blaro") bring rich harvests in the garden. Kohlrabi takes little time from planting to harvest.
Head cabbage
- White cabbage is a type of cabbage that has a long shelf life and is popular as a vegetable and raw vegetable, from which sauerkraut is also made. Popular varieties: "Caramba", "Minicole"
- Pointed cabbage - here the leaves are looser than in white cabbage. Popular varieties are "Cape Horn" and "Filderkraut"
- Red cabbage or red cabbage is equally prepared as a vegetable or raw vegetable. Popular varieties: "Lodero", "Integro" and "Kalibos"
- Savoy cabbage has slightly curled leaves and is very tender, especially in summer. Popular varieties: Capriccio, "Marner Grüfewi", "Goldvital" and "Samantha" (Spitzwirsing)
- Brussels sprouts with its small, spicy cabbage heads is also a typical winter vegetable. Popular: the varieties "Hilds Ideal", "Brigitte" and the red variety "Red Ball"
- Chinese cabbage and Pak choi are only distantly related to the European cabbage varieties, but in this country they are also often used as vegetables or raw vegetables.
Inflorescences
- cauliflower offers many preparation options and is also suitable for raw vegetables. Popular varieties: "Clapton", "Synergi" or "Multihead" with several smaller inflorescences.
- Romanesco, with its green, attractive inflorescence, has a taste similar to cauliflower. Popular variety: "Navona"
- Broccoli has dark green, densely packed inflorescences. Popular varieties are "Lucky", "Belstar" or sprout broccoli "Santee"
