Balconies on the house can be used in different ways. The load-bearing capacity of the structure sets natural limits. In the following article you will find out what kind of load is possible.
Static specifications
Regardless of the material or type of construction - all balconies must be able to withstand between 400-500 kilograms per square meter. This is in the DIN EN 1991-1-1: 2010-12 in conjunction with DIN EN 1991-1-1 / NA: 2010-12 (has replaced DIN 1055-3).
Different material
For the concrete load-bearing capacity of a balcony, it depends on the material. Reinforced concrete or metal are considered to be the materials that can best withstand loads. In contrast, wood is less suitable. After all, this is more susceptible to the weather.
Note: If you decide to use a wooden structure, the material must be replaced on a regular basis.
Maximum load limit
Each balcony has a limited load-bearing capacity.
Construction and material determine the maximum load limit. Basically, you should always keep an eye on the maximum load in order to prevent damage. In the worst case, the structure can collapse if you ignore the load limit.
Guide values per square meter
The static requirements differ depending on the year of construction of the building. The guide values are in the relevant DIN EN 1991-1-1: 2010-12 in conjunction with DIN EN 1991-1-1 / NA: 2010-12 (has replaced DIN 1055-3). Balconies must be able to withstand at least the following weight:
- Buildings built up to 2010: 500 kilograms per square meter
- Building with year of construction from 2010: 400 kilograms per square meter
Info: In the past, balconies were often used as storage for heavy loads (including wood and coal for heating), but this task is now almost completely eliminated
path.Load limit sinks
Compliance with the guide values is necessary for the construction of the balcony. However, this does not mean that the construction will withstand all future requirements without hesitation. Over the years, the maximum possible load decreases. Weather influences affect the material and ensure a decreasing load capacity.
Note: If you have any concerns about the current load-bearing capacity of the balcony, you should consult a structural engineer.
Everyday use
With everyday use, you can safely enter the balcony. After all, balcony furniture, flower pots and a reasonable number of people rarely reach the permitted load. This type of everyday use is not a problem for the balcony construction. This only looks different if homeowners make exceptional use of their balconies.
Note: Up to four people per square meter do not reach the limit of exposure. This already shows that in most cases the maximum load capacity is not reached.
Exceptional use
However, under certain circumstances, using the balcony can cause problems. This is the case, for example, with heavy structures:
- Paddling pool
- Sandpit
- Raised bed
- Whirlpool
Note: The weight of water is often underestimated. A water height of 40 centimeters already makes a weight of 400 kilograms per square meter. Together with
the weight of the paddling pool or whirlpool user has exceeded the maximum load.Regular controll
Regular checks are recommended in order to detect damage to the balcony at an early stage. Of course, larger damage is noticed more quickly. At the same time, you should also keep an eye on small cracks and damage. The first signs of a hazard differ depending on the material:
- Reinforced concrete: small cracks
- Metal: rust
- Wood: Rot or pest infestation
Tip: With good care, you can prevent the first damage. For example, you can use a seal for the wood or a red protection agent for metal structures.
Liability for payload
In principle, the owner of a property is liable for the load-bearing capacity of the balconies. However, the tenant is obliged to cooperate, as he sees the balcony more often. If the tenant notices any changes, he must inform the owner. In addition, the architects and structural engineers can also be liable. Although there is no explicit legal regulation, tenants should pay attention to the rental agreement. In some cases, the landlords regulate by contract which use of the balcony is allowed in order to avoid static hazards.
Note: If a balcony falls, legal advice is required. Ultimately, the owner, structural engineer, architect, construction company or supplier can be liable.